Journal:

Article Title: Cloning of an Intracellular Poly[ d (-)-3-Hydroxybutyrate] Depolymerase Gene from Ralstonia eutropha H16 and Characterization of the Gene Product

doi: 10.1128/JB.183.1.94-100.2001

Figure Lengend Snippet: Detection of PhaZ in R. eutropha H16. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of whole cells and PHB granules from R. eutropha was carried out. The gels were stained with Coomassie brilliant blue R-250 (A) or immunostained (Western blot) (B). Lanes: a-0, whole cells grown for 2 days in nitrogen-rich medium (91 μg of protein); a-1, whole cells after 1 day of PHB synthesis (86 μg of protein, 21 μg of PHB); a-3, whole cells after 3 days of PHB synthesis (88 μg of protein, 73 μg of PHB); b-1, PHB granules after 1 day of PHB synthesis (19 μg of protein, 160 μg of PHB); b-3, PHB granules after 3 days of PHB synthesis (20 μg of protein, 200 μg of PHB); c-1, supernatant fraction of cells after 1 day of PHB synthesis (91 μg of protein); c-3, supernatant fraction of cells after 3 days of PHB synthesis (57 μg of protein); Ni, purified His-tagged depolymerase (0.1 μg of protein); M, molecular mass markers. Sizes are indicated in kilodaltons.

Article Snippet: After metal chelating purification, the protein was finally purified by a continuous elution sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Prep cell model 491; Bio-Rad).

Techniques: Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, Staining, Western Blot, Purification

Journal:

Article Title: Probiotic Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. cremoris and Streptococcus thermophilus induce IL-12 and IFN-? production

doi: 10.3748/wjg.14.1192

Figure Lengend Snippet: Dose-dependent cytokine production in human PBMC (2 × 106/mL) stimulated with Streptococcus pyogenes and 11 probiotic bacteria (2, 10 and 50 bacteria/cell) for 24 h, mean ± SEM, n = 4. A representative experiment out of two is shown. GAS: Streptococcus pyogenes; THS: Streptococcus thermophilus THS; LGG: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG; LC705, Lactobacillus rhamnosus LC705; 1129: Lactobacillus helveticus 1129; 161: Lactobacillus helveticus Lb 161; 1/10: Bifidobacterium longum 1/10; Bb12: Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Bb12; Bb99, Bifidobacterium breve Bb99; ARH74: Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris ARH74; PIA2, Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. cremoris PIA2; PJS: Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii JS.

Article Snippet: Eleven potentially probiotic strains; Streptococcus thermophilus THS, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (ATCC 53103), Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lc705 (DSM 7061), Lactobacillus helveticus 1129, Lactobacillus helveticus Lb 161, Bifidobacterium longum 1/10, Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Bb12, Bifidobacterium breve Bb99 (DSM 13692), Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris ARH74 (DSM 18891), Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. cremoris PIA2 (DSM 18892) and Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii JS (DSM 7067), were obtained from Valio Research Centre (Helsinki, Finland).

Techniques: Bacteria

Journal:

Article Title: Probiotic Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. cremoris and Streptococcus thermophilus induce IL-12 and IFN-? production

doi: 10.3748/wjg.14.1192

Figure Lengend Snippet: Kinetics of cytokine mRNA expression in probiotic bacteria-induced human PBMC (pooled samples from four donors), 10 bacteria/cell, 10 μg RNA/lane on 10 g/L agarose gel and Northern blot analysis with indicated cDNA probes was carried out. Ethidium bromide staining of gels was used to verify equal loading of RNA. See Figure ​Figure11 for abbreviations of bacteria. A: S. pyogenes, L. rhamnosus GG or S. thermophilus and B: B. breve, L. mesenteroides, P. freudenreichii.

Article Snippet: Eleven potentially probiotic strains; Streptococcus thermophilus THS, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (ATCC 53103), Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lc705 (DSM 7061), Lactobacillus helveticus 1129, Lactobacillus helveticus Lb 161, Bifidobacterium longum 1/10, Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Bb12, Bifidobacterium breve Bb99 (DSM 13692), Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris ARH74 (DSM 18891), Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. cremoris PIA2 (DSM 18892) and Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii JS (DSM 7067), were obtained from Valio Research Centre (Helsinki, Finland).

Techniques: Expressing, Bacteria, Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, Northern Blot, Staining

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Signaling Pathways Potentially Responsible for Foam Cell Formation: Cholesterol Accumulation or Inflammatory Response—What is First?

doi: 10.3390/ijms21082716

Figure Lengend Snippet: Signaling pathways regulated by the interaction of macrophages with modified LDL and latex beads. Native LDL was excluded from the consideration because it does not cause lipid accumulation. Signaling pathways adjustable unidirectionally in all four types of modifications are highlighted in green; signaling pathways, the direction of regulation of which coincides with the three types of modifications are highlighted in cyan color; signaling pathways coinciding only in the case of two modifications are highlighted in yellow.

Article Snippet: Native human LDL with electrophoretic mobility 105 ± 1 pixels and modified LDL (oxidized with electrophoretic mobility 491 ± 5 pixels and acetylated with electrophoretic mobility 477 ± 5 pixels) were obtained from Kalen Biomedical (Montgomery Village, MD, USA).

Techniques: Modification, Activation Assay